Design of Liquid Impregnated Surface with Stable Lubricant layer in Mixed Water/Oil Environment for Low Hydrate Adhesion

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel liquid impregnated surface that maintains a stable lubricant layer in mixed water/oil environments, significantly reducing hydrate adhesion and accumulation in pipelines.

Contribution

The study introduces a new design and synthesis method for stable liquid impregnated surfaces that withstand both water and oil, effectively minimizing hydrate formation and adhesion.

Findings

Extremely low hydrate accumulation on the surface

Over tenfold reduction in hydrate adhesion force

Validated stability of lubricant layer experimentally

Abstract

Clathrate hydrate is a naturally occurring ice-like solid which forms in water phase under suitable temperature and pressure conditions, in the presence of one or more hydrophobic molecules. It also forms inside the oil and gas pipes leading to higher pumping cost, flow blockage and even catastrophic accidents. Engineered surfaces with low hydrate adhesion can provide an effective solution to this problem. Liquid impregnated surfaces is one such example of engineered surfaces which has already shown tremendous potential in reducing the nucleation and adhesion of solids. Here we report the design and synthesis of liquid impregnated surfaces with extremely low hydrate adhesion under the mixed environment of oil and water. The most challenging aspect of designing these surfaces was to stabilize a lubricant layer simultaneously under the water and oil. A detailed methodology to make such lubricant stable surfaces from theoretical perspective was described and experimentally validated for lubricant stability. Experimental measurements on such surfaces showed extremely low hydrate accumulation and one order of magnitude or more reduction in hydrate adhesion force.