Giant Vortices and the Regge Limit

TL;DR

This paper proposes a new 'giant vortex' phase that bridges superfluid theory and the large-spin expansion, revealing a semi-classical effective theory with unique chiral excitations and connections to Regge theory and Bose-Einstein condensates.

Contribution

It introduces the giant vortex phase as an intermediate regime with large spin and charge, linking superfluid and Regge theories with a novel semi-classical description.

Findings

Giant vortex phase exhibits chiral excitations moving at the speed of light.

The phase's Fock space resembles multi-twist operators in Regge theory.

Transition to Regge regime involves a change in the scaling dimension relative to mean field theory.

Abstract

In recent years it has been shown that strongly coupled systems become analytically tractable in the regime of large quantum numbers, such as large spin or large charge. The effective theories that emerge in these two limits are Regge theory and superfluid theory, respectively. Here we make a proposal for a new phase, the ``giant vortex,'' describing an intermediate regime with large spin and charge. The new phase connects superfluid theory with the large-spin expansion. The giant vortex admits a semi-classical effective theory description with peculiar chiral excitations (moving at the speed of light) and a Fock space of states that is reminiscent of the multi-twist operators in Regge theory, including the leading and daughter Regge trajectories. A similar giant vortex phase appears for Bose-Einstein condensates in a rotating trap, and our results should be applicable in that context as well. We show that the transition from the giant vortex to the Regge regime is accompanied by the scaling dimension turning from being larger than to being smaller than the mean field theory value, i.e. gravity switches from being the weakest force at small AdS distance to being the strongest force at large AdS distance.