Neutrinos from the Brightest Gamma-Ray Burst?

TL;DR

This paper analyzes neutrino emissions from the brightest gamma-ray burst, constraining models of proton acceleration and highlighting the potential for detecting specific neutrino types with current observatories.

Contribution

It provides new constraints on GRB model parameters using neutrino data and emphasizes the detectability of GeV-TeV neutrinos from neutron collisions.

Findings

Constraints on proton acceleration near the photosphere.

Single burst limits comparable to stacking analysis.

Potential detectability of GeV-TeV neutrinos from neutron collisions.

Abstract

We discuss implications that can be obtained by searches for neutrinos from the brightest gamma-ray burst, GRB 221009A. We derive constraints on GRB model parameters such as the cosmic-ray loading factor and dissipation radius, taking into account both neutrino spectra and effective areas. The results are strong enough to constrain proton acceleration near the photosphere, and we find that the single burst limits are comparable to those from stacking analysis. Quasithermal neutrinos from subphotospheres and ultrahigh-energy neutrinos from external shocks are not yet constrained. We show that GeV-TeV neutrinos originating from neutron collisions are detectable, and urge dedicated analysis on these neutrinos with DeepCore and IceCube as well as ORCA and KM3NeT.