Estimates of exchange topological contributions and $CP$-violating observables in $\Lambda_b\rightarrow \Lambda \phi$ decay

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the decay $\Lambda_b ightarrow \Lambda \phi$ using perturbative QCD, highlighting the importance of penguin exchange contributions and predicting small but measurable $CP$ violation and asymmetries.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed calculation including penguin exchange and $W$ exchange effects, predicting $CP$ violation and asymmetries in $\Lambda_b ightarrow \Lambda \phi$ decay.

Findings

Predicted branching ratio is approximately 6.9 x 10^{-6}.

Direct $CP$ violation is estimated at a few percent.

Triple product asymmetries are tiny, around 10^{-2} to 10^{-4}.

Abstract

The penguin-dominated two-body weak decay of $\Lambda_b\rightarrow \Lambda \phi$ is studied based on the perturbative QCD approach. In addition to the penguin emission diagrams, the penguin exchange and $W$ exchange ones are also accounted for. It is found that the penguin exchange contribution is in fact important and comparable to the penguin emission one, while the $W$ exchange contribution is highly Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) suppressed. The predicted branching ratio, $\mathcal{B}(\Lambda_b\rightarrow \Lambda \phi)=6.9^{+1.9+1.8}_{-2.0-1.6}\times10^{-6}$, is larger than the previous theoretical estimates but in comparison with the data from Particle Data Group at the level of 1 standard deviation. We also explore some pertinent decay asymmetry parameters that characterize the angular decay distributions. The inclusion of the $W$ exchange contribution provides the nonzero weak phase difference,consequently, allowing us to estimate the direct $CP$ violation and true triple product asymmetries in the concerned process. The numerical results demonstrate that the direct $CP$ violation is at the level of a few percent, and the true triple product asymmetries are also predicted to be tiny, of order $10^{-2}-10^{-4}$. The observed small $CP$-violating observables have shown no significant deviations from zero. Our predictions will be subject to stringent tests with precise data from LHCb in the future.