Simulation-based Modelling of Growth and Pollination of Greenhouse Strawberry

TL;DR

This paper presents a validated agent-based simulation model to analyze how bee behavior, greenhouse environment, and planting patterns affect strawberry pollination efficiency and fruit quality in greenhouses.

Contribution

It introduces a spatially-explicit simulation model that explores the interactions of multiple factors influencing bee pollination in greenhouse strawberry cultivation.

Findings

Optimal bee density and hive placement improve pollination efficiency.

Simulation identifies key factors affecting fruit quality and pollination success.

Model serves as a tool for hypothesis testing and optimizing greenhouse strawberry pollination.

Abstract

The cultivated strawberry Fragaria ananassa Duch. is widely planted in greenhouses in China. Its production heavily depends on pollination services. Compared with artificial pollination, bee pollination can significantly improve fruit quality and save considerable labor requirement. Multiple factors such as bee foraging behavior, planting pattern and the spatial complexity of the greenhouse environment interacting over time and space are major obstacles to understanding of bee pollination dynamics. We propose a spatially-explicit agent-based simulation model which allows users to explore how various factors including bee foraging behavior and strawberry phenology conditions as well as the greenhouse environment influence pollination efficiency and fruit quality. Simulation experiments allowed us to compare pollination efficiencies in different conditions. Especially, the cause of bee pollination advantage, optimal bee density and bee hive location were discussed based on sensitivity analysis. In addition, simulation results provide some insights for strawberry planting in a greenhouse. The firmly validated open-source model is a useful tool for hypothesis testing and theory development for strawberry pollination research.