A Depolarizing Noise-aware Transpiler for Optimal Amplitude Amplification

TL;DR

This paper introduces a noise-aware transpiler for quantum amplitude amplification that predicts optimal stopping points to maximize accuracy in NISQ devices by using Bayesian analysis of gate noise.

Contribution

It presents a novel transpiler extension that predicts amplification accuracy and halts amplification at the optimal point without circuit execution.

Findings

Accurately predicts the inflection point for amplitude amplification.

Optimizes circuit to maximize accuracy given noise parameters.

Reduces unnecessary amplification to improve results.

Abstract

Amplitude amplification provides a quadratic speed-up for an array of quantum algorithms when run on a quantum machine perfectly isolated from its environment. However, the advantage is substantially diminished as the NISQ-era quantum machines lack the large number of qubits necessary to provide error correction. Noise in the computation grows with the number of gate counts in the circuit with each iteration of amplitude amplification. After a certain number of amplifications, the loss in accuracy from the gate noise starts to overshadow the gain in accuracy due to amplification, forming an inflection point. Beyond this point, accuracy continues to deteriorate until the machine reaches a maximally mixed state where the result is uniformly random. Hence, quantum transpilers should take the noise parameters of the underlying quantum machine into consideration such that the circuit can be optimized to attain the maximal accuracy possible for that machine. In this work, we propose an extension to the transpiler that predicts the accuracy of the result at every amplification with high fidelity by applying pure Bayesian analysis to individual gate noise rates. Using this information, it finds the inflection point and optimizes the circuit by halting amplification at that point. The prediction is made without needing to execute the circuit either on a quantum simulator or an actual quantum machine.