Implications of post-kick jets in core collapse supernovae

TL;DR

This paper argues that the jets shaping supernova remnants are likely launched before the neutron star's natal kick, supporting the jittering jets explosion mechanism and challenging the post-kick jet assumption.

Contribution

It provides evidence that the shaping jets are pre-kick rather than post-kick, supporting the jittering jets explosion model for core collapse supernovae.

Findings

Shaping jets are not aligned with the neutron star's kick velocity.

Neutron stars accrete mass and angular momentum before the explosion, supporting pre-kick jet formation.

Black holes are expected to have small natal kicks in this model.

Abstract

I examine the assumption that the jets that shape the axisymmetrical morphological features of core collapse supernova (CCSN) remnants are post-kick jets, i.e., the neutron star (NS) launches these jets after the explosion and after it acquired its natal kick velocity. I find that this assumption implies that the pre-collapse cores of CCSN progenitors have sufficient angular momentum fluctuations to support jittering jets that explode the star. From the finding that the shaping-jets neither tend to be aligned with the kick velocity nor to be perpendicular to it I argue that the assumption that the shaping-jets are post-kick jets has the following implications. (1) The NS accretes mass at a radius of ~5000km from the center of the explosion at ~10 s after explosion. (2) The required angular momentum fluctuations of the accreted gas to explain the medium values of jets-kick angles are also sufficient to support an intermittent pre-kick accretion disk, just before and during the explosion. Such an intermittent accretion disk is likely to launch jets that explode the star in the frame of the jittering jets explosion mechanism. This suggests that most likely the shaping-jets are the last jets in the jittering jets explosion mechanism rather than post-kick jets. (3) The jittering jets explosion mechanism expects that black holes have small natal kick velocities.