Helical microstructures in molluscan biomineralization are a biological example of close packed helices that may form from a colloidal liquid crystal precursor in a twist-bend nematic phase

TL;DR

This paper proposes that molluscan shell microstructures are formed from a liquid crystal precursor in a twist-bend nematic phase, providing a biological example of close-packed helices.

Contribution

It presents evidence linking molluscan biomineralization microstructures to twist-bend nematic liquid crystal phases, a novel biological application.

Findings

Identification of helical microstructures in mollusc shells

Evidence supporting formation from twist-bend nematic liquid crystal precursor

Connection between biological mineralization and liquid crystal physics

Abstract

We demonstrate that nature has produced a close-packed helical twisted filamentous material in the biomineralization of the mollusc. In liquid crystals, twist-bend nematics have been predicted and observed. We present and analyse evidence that the helical biomineral microstructure of mollusc shells may be formed from such a liquid-crystal precursor.