Improving the spin-down limits of the continuous gravitational waves emitted from rotating triaxial pulsars

TL;DR

This paper refines the spin-down limits for continuous gravitational waves from pulsars by using a realistic approach to estimate intrinsic spin frequency derivatives, enhancing search sensitivity.

Contribution

It introduces a method using the GalDynPsr package to calculate more accurate intrinsic spin derivatives for pulsars, improving gravitational wave search limits.

Findings

More realistic spin-down limits for 237 pulsars

Enhanced sensitivity for gravitational wave searches

Improved estimates of pulsar spin frequency derivatives

Abstract

The spin-down limit of the continuous gravitational wave strain from pulsars assumed to be triaxial stars rotating about a principal moment of inertia axis depends upon the value of the intrinsic spin frequency derivative of the pulsar, among other parameters. In order to get more accurate intrinsic spin frequency derivative values, dynamical effects contributing to the measured spin frequency derivative values must be estimated via more realistic approaches. In this work, we calculated improved values for the spin-down limit of the continuous gravitational wave strain (assuming that pulsars are triaxial stars rotating about a principal moment of inertia axis) for a set of 237 pulsars for which a targeted search for continuous gravitational waves was recently carried out by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration. We used `GalDynPsr', a Python-based public package, to calculate more realistic values for the intrinsic spin frequency derivatives and, consequently, we get more realistic values of the spin-down limit. The realistic values that we obtain for the intrinsic spin frequency derivatives can also provide a valuable contribution to improving the sensitivity of searches for continuous gravitational waves from known pulsars.