Ancilla-driven blind quantum computation for clients with different quantum capabilities

TL;DR

This paper extends ancilla-driven blind quantum computation models to accommodate clients with varying quantum capabilities, enabling secure delegation and high-probability verification of server honesty.

Contribution

It introduces two new ADBQC protocols tailored for clients with limited quantum abilities, enhancing practicality and security in blind quantum computing.

Findings

Clients can perform secure delegated quantum computation with different capabilities.

Protocols enable high-probability detection of dishonest servers.

Enhanced flexibility in blind quantum computation models.

Abstract

Blind quantum computation (BQC) allows a client with limited quantum power to delegate his quantum computational task to a powerful server and still keep his input, output, and algorithm private. There are mainly two kinds of models about BQC, namely circuit-based and measurement-based models. In addition, a hybrid model called ancilla-driven universal blind quantum computing (ADBQC) was proposed by combining the properties of both circuit-based and measurement-based models, where all unitary operations on the register qubits can be realized with the aid of single ancillae coupled to the register qubits. However, in the ADBQC model, the quantum capability of the client is strictly limited to preparing single qubits. If a client can only perform single-qubit measurements or a few simple quantum gates, he may also want to delegate his computation to a remote server via ADBQC. This paper solves the problem and extends the existing model by proposing two types of ADBQC protocols for clients with different quantum capabilities, such as performing single-qubit measurements or single-qubit gates. Furthermore, in the proposed two ADBQC protocols, clients can detect whether servers are honest or not with a high probability by using corresponding verifiable techniques.