Global continua of solutions to the Lugiato-Lefever model for frequency combs obtained by two-mode pumping

TL;DR

This paper analyzes Kerr frequency combs in dual-pumped microresonators by studying solutions of a modified Lugiato-Lefever equation, establishing existence, uniqueness, and bifurcation properties of traveling wave solutions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of solutions for a dual-mode pumped Lugiato-Lefever model, including existence, uniqueness, and bifurcation from single to dual-mode pumping.

Findings

Existence and uniqueness of traveling wave solutions proven.

Solutions can be continued from single to dual-mode pumping.

Results apply to both anomalous and normal dispersion regimes.

Abstract

We consider Kerr frequency combs in a dual-pumped microresonator as time-periodic and spatially $2\pi$-periodic traveling wave solutions of a variant of the Lugiato-Lefever equation, which is a damped, detuned and driven nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation given by $\mathrm{i}a_\tau =(\zeta-\mathrm{i})a - d a_{x x}-|a|^2a+\mathrm{i}f_0+\mathrm{i}f_1\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}(k_1 x-\nu_1 \tau)}$. The main new feature of the problem is the specific form of the source term $f_0+f_1\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}(k_1 x-\nu_1 \tau)}$ which describes the simultaneous pumping of two different modes with mode indices $k_0=0$ and $k_1\in \mathbb{N}$. We prove existence and uniqueness theorems for these traveling waves based on a-priori bounds and fixed point theorems. Moreover, by using the implicit function theorem and bifurcation theory, we show how non-degenerate solutions from the $1$-mode case, i.e. $f_1=0$, can be continued into the range $f_1\not =0$. Our analytical findings apply both for anomalous ($d>0$) and normal ($d<0$) dispersion, and they are illustrated by numerical simulations.