A multidimensional Ramsey Theorem

TL;DR

This paper extends Ramsey's Theorem to multidimensional Cartesian products of graphs, establishing that a doubly exponential upper bound guarantees monochromatic substructures in any edge coloring, with applications to multidimensional combinatorial theorems.

Contribution

It provides a multidimensional generalization of Ramsey's Theorem with a doubly exponential bound, improving previous bounds for higher dimensions.

Findings

Doubly exponential upper bound for multidimensional Ramsey problems.

Improved bounds on the multidimensional Erd ext{"o}s-Szekeres Theorem.

Extension of Ramsey theory to Cartesian products of graphs.

Abstract

Ramsey theory is a central and active branch of combinatorics. Although Ramsey numbers for graphs have been extensively investigated since Ramsey's work in the 1930s, there is still an exponential gap between the best known lower and upper bounds. For $k$-uniform hypergraphs, the bounds are of tower-type, where the height grows with $k$. Here, we give a multidimensional generalisation of Ramsey's Theorem to Cartesian products of graphs, proving that a doubly exponential upper bound suffices in every dimension. More precisely, we prove that for every positive integers $r,n,d$, in any $r$-colouring of the edges of the Cartesian product $\square^{d} K_N$ of $d$ copies of $K_N$, there is a copy of $\square^{d} K_n$ such that the edges in each direction are monochromatic, provided that $N\geq 2^{2^{C_drn^{d}}}$. As an application of our approach we also obtain improvements on the multidimensional Erd\H{o}s-Szekeres Theorem proved by Fishburn and Graham $30$ years ago. Their bound was recently improved by Buci\'c, Sudakov, and Tran, who gave an upper bound that is triply exponential in four or more dimensions. We improve upon their results showing that a doubly expoenential upper bounds holds any number of dimensions.