Frame-Dragging in Extrasolar Circumbinary Planetary Systems

TL;DR

This paper explores how general relativistic effects, specifically frame-dragging, could influence the orbital dynamics of circumbinary exoplanets, potentially offering new ways to test Einstein's theory in exoplanetary systems.

Contribution

It introduces the concept that the orbital motion of circumbinary planets can be affected by gravitomagnetic fields generated by the binary stars' orbital angular momentum and spins, highlighting potential observational effects.

Findings

Gravitomagnetic fields from binary orbital motion can cause measurable precessional effects.

Lense-Thirring precession may be significant compared to gravitoelectric effects under certain conditions.

Potential for using exoplanet observations to test general relativity in new regimes.

Abstract

Extrasolar circumbinary planets are so called because they orbit two stars instead of just one; to date, an increasing number of such planets have been discovered with a variety of techniques. If the orbital frequency of the hosting stellar pair is much higher than the planetary one, the tight stellar binary can be considered as a matter ring current generating its own post-Newtonian stationary gravitomagnetic field through its orbital angular momentum. It affects the orbital motion of a relatively distant planet with Lense-Thirring-type precessional effects which, under certain circumstances, may amount to a significant fraction of the static, gravitoelectric ones, analogous to the well known Einstein perihelion precession of Mercury, depending only on the masses of the system's bodies. Instead, when the gravitomagnetic field is due solely to the spin of each of the central star(s), the Lense-Thirring shifts are several orders of magnitude smaller than the gravitoelectric ones. In view of the growing interest in the scientific community about the detection of general relativistic effects in exoplanets, the perspectives of finding new scenarios for testing such a further manifestation of general relativity might be deemed worth of further investigations.