Prediction for the synthesis cross sections of new moscovium isotopes in fusion-evaporation reactions

TL;DR

This paper uses the dinuclear system model to systematically investigate the synthesis of superheavy nuclides, focusing on moscovium isotopes, and predicts their production cross sections in various fusion-evaporation reactions.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive approach combining collision orientation dependence and Coulomb barrier distribution to predict synthesis cross sections of superheavy isotopes, including new moscovium isotopes.

Findings

Calculated excitation functions agree with experimental data.

Predicted cross sections for new moscovium isotopes are as high as hundreds of pb.

Orientation and entrance channel effects significantly influence synthesis cross sections.

Abstract

In the framework of the dinuclear system model, the synthesis mechanism of the superheavy nuclides with atomic number $Z=112, 114, 115$ in the reactions of projectiles $^{40,48}$Ca bombarding on targets $^{238}$U, $^{242}$Pu, and $^{243}$Am at a wide incident energies (excitation energy from 0-100 MeV) have been investigated systematically. Based on the available experimental excitation functions, the dependence of calculated synthesis cross sections on collision orientations has been studied thoroughly. The TKEs of these collisions with the fixed collision orientation show its orientation dependence which can be used to predict the tendency of kinetic energy diffusion. The TKEs are dependent on incident energies which have been discussed. The method of Coulomb barrier distribution function has been applied in our calculations which could treat all of the collision orientations from the tip-tip to side-side approximately. The calculations of excitation functions of $^{48}$Ca + $^{238}$U, $^{48}$Ca + $^{242}$Pu, and $^{48}$Ca + $^{243}$Am have a nice agreement with the available experimental data. The isospin effect of projectiles on production cross sections of moscovium isotopes and the influence of entrance channel effect on the synthesis cross sections of superheavy nuclei have been discussed. The synthesis cross section of new moscovium isotopes $^{278-286}$Mc have been predicted as large as hundreds pb, in the fusion-evaporation reactions of $^{35,37}$Cl + $^{248}$Cf, $^{38,40}$Ar + $^{247}$Bk, $^{39,41}$K + $^{247}$Cm, $^{40,42,44,46}$Ca + $^{238}$Am, $^{45}$Sc + $^{242}$Pu, and $^{46,48,50}$Ti + $^{243}$Np, $^{51}$V + $^{238}$U at the excitation energy interval of 0-100 MeV.