Dynamics of Neutron Star Accretion Columns in Split-Monopole Magnetic Fields

TL;DR

This study uses 2D relativistic MHD simulations to explore neutron star accretion columns, revealing oscillation behaviors, energy transport mechanisms, and insights for improving 1D models of accretion physics.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed simulation-based analysis of oscillations and radiation dynamics in neutron star accretion columns with split-monopole magnetic fields.

Findings

Accretion columns exhibit quasi-periodic oscillations with 2-10 kHz peaks.

PdV work significantly supports radiation pressure inside the columns.

Entropy waves from photon bubble instability are present in all simulations.

Abstract

We perform 2D axisymmetric radiative relativistic MHD simulations of radiation pressure supported neutron star accretion columns in split-monopole magnetic fields. The accretion columns exhibit quasi-periodic oscillations, which manifest in the luminosity power spectrum as 2-10 kHz peaks, together with broader extensions to somewhat higher frequencies. The peak frequency decreases for wider columns or higher mass accretion rates. In contrast to the case of shorter columns in uniform magnetic fields, pdV work contributes substantially to maintaining the radiation pressure inside the column against sideways radiative cooling. This is in part due to the compression associated with accretion along the converging magnetic field lines towards the stellar surface. Propagating entropy waves which are associated with the slow-diffusion photon bubble instability form in all our simulations. Radial advection of radiation from the oscillation itself as well as the entropy waves is also important in maintaining radiation pressure inside the column. The time-averaged profile of our fiducial simulation accretion is approximately consistent with the classical 1D stationary model provided one incorporates the correct column shape. We also quantify the porosity in all our accretion column simulations so that this may also in principle be used to improve 1D models.