Optical multi-qubit gate operations on an excitation blockaded atomic quantum register

TL;DR

This paper introduces a robust, efficient laser-based protocol for implementing multi-qubit gates in excitation blockaded atomic systems, enabling complex quantum operations with minimal pulses and high fidelity.

Contribution

A simple, two-pulse laser scheme using hyperbolic secant pulses for multi-qubit gates in blockade regime systems, applicable to various atomic platforms.

Findings

Achieves complex phase shifts on multi-qubit states

Uses only two simultaneous pulses for gate operations

Demonstrates robustness against interaction variability

Abstract

We consider a multi-qubit system of atoms or ions with two computational ground states and an interacting excited state in the so-called blockade regime, such that only one qubit can be excited at any one time. Examples of such systems are rare-earth-ion-doped crystals and neutral atoms trapped in tweezer arrays. We present a simple laser excitation protocol that yields a complex phase factor on any desired multi-qubit product state, and which can be used to implement multi-qubit gates such as the n-bit Toffoli gates. The operation is performed using only two pulses, where each pulse simultaneously address all qubits. By the use of complex hyperbolic secant pulses our scheme is robust and permits complete transfers to and from the excited states despite the variability of interaction parameters. A detailed analysis of the multi-qubit gate performance is provided.