Density profiles near nuclear surface of $^{44,52}$Ti: An indication of $\alpha$ clustering

TL;DR

This study compares shell and alpha-cluster models of titanium isotopes, revealing that alpha clustering notably diffuses surface density profiles, especially in $^{44}$Ti, with implications for experimental detection.

Contribution

It introduces a microscopic antisymmetrized quasi-cluster model capable of describing both shell and alpha-cluster configurations within a unified framework.

Findings

Alpha clustering diffuses surface density profiles.

Difference in clustering effects between $^{44}$Ti and $^{52}$Ti.

Potential experimental detection via proton-nucleus scattering.

Abstract

We investigate the degree of $\alpha$ ($^4$He nucleus) clustering in the ground-state density profiles of $^{44}$Ti and $^{52}$Ti. Two types of density distributions, shell- and cluster-model configurations, are generated fully microscopically with the antisymmetrized quasi-cluster model, which can describe both the j-j coupling shell and $\alpha$-cluster configurations in a single scheme. Despite both the models reproducing measured charge radius data, we found that the $\alpha$ clustering significantly diffuses the density profiles near the nuclear surface compared to the ideal j-j coupling shell model configuration. The effect is most significant for $^{44}$Ti, while it is less for $^{52}$Ti due to the occupation of the $0f_{7/2}$ orbits in the $^{48}$Ca core. This difference can be detected by measuring proton-nucleus elastic scattering or the total reaction cross section on a carbon target at intermediate energies.