Galaxy formation catalyzed by gravastars and the JWST, revisited

TL;DR

This paper revisits a model where galaxy formation is triggered by collisions involving gravastars, incorporating an activation probability and explaining galaxy size evolution with redshift, supported by JWST data.

Contribution

It introduces a modified galaxy scale length formula with an activation probability and explores a heat pump effect from gravastar recycling, linking to JWST observations.

Findings

Revised scale length formula matches JWST data within a factor of five.

Galaxy sizes decrease with increasing redshift, consistent with observations.

Recycling particles from gravastars can cool surrounding gas, promoting star formation.

Abstract

We have proposed that galaxy formation is catalyzed by the collision of infalling and outstreaming particles from leaky, horizonless astrophysical black holes, most likely gravastars, and based on this gave a model for the disk galaxy scale length. In this paper we modify our original scale length formula by including an activation probability $P$ for a collision to lead to nucleation of star formation. The revised formula extrapolates from early universe JWST data to late time data to within a factor of five, and suggests that galaxy dimensions should systematically get smaller as the observed redshift z increases. We also show that particles recycling through gravastars can lead to a reduction in the temperature of the surrounding gas, through a ``heat pump'' refrigeration effect. This can trigger galaxy formation through enhanced star formation in the vicinity of the gravastar.