Multipartite entanglement measures via Bell basis measurements

TL;DR

This paper introduces a method to estimate various multipartite entanglement measures using Bell basis measurements, reducing experimental complexity and enabling analysis of mixed states with practical simulation on quantum hardware.

Contribution

The authors present a novel scheme for estimating multipartite entanglement measures from Bell basis data, extending to mixed states and demonstrating feasibility on a quantum computer.

Findings

Efficient estimation of entanglement measures with fewer measurements.

Extension of Concentratable Entanglements to mixed states.

Simulation on Rydberg atom quantum computer confirms practicality.

Abstract

We show how to estimate a broad class of multipartite entanglement measures from Bell basis measurement data. In addition to lowering the experimental requirements relative to previously known methods of estimating these measures, our proposed scheme also enables a simpler analysis of the number of measurement repetitions required to achieve an $\epsilon$-close approximation of the measures, which we provide for each. We focus our analysis on the recently introduced Concentratable Entanglements [Beckey et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 140501 (2021)] because many other well-known multipartite entanglement measures are recovered as special cases of this family of measures. We extend the definition of the Concentratable Entanglements to mixed states and show how to construct lower bounds on the mixed state Concentratable Entanglements that can also be estimated using only Bell basis measurement data. Finally, we demonstrate the feasibility of our methods by realistically simulating their implementation on a Rydberg atom quantum computer.