Entanglement generation and relativistic simulation with cQED parametric oscillators

TL;DR

This thesis explores entangled non-Gaussian microwave states generated by a novel cQED parametric oscillator and investigates their detection, while also proposing a circuit for simulating relativistic quantum effects like the dynamical Casimir effect.

Contribution

It introduces a new cQED parametric oscillator for generating entangled microwave states and develops practical criteria for their detection, also proposing a circuit for relativistic quantum simulation.

Findings

Generated genuine entanglement in microwave photons using a new parametric oscillator.

Proposed a practical criterion for detecting non-Gaussian entanglement.

Designed a circuit to simulate relativistic effects like the dynamical Casimir effect.

Abstract

On this PhD thesis we cover the results contained in arXiv:2001.07050, arXiv:2111.10096 and arXiv:2011.02822, while providing further details about their derivations. In the first two papers, we study the generation and detection of entangled non-Gaussian states of microwave radiation. These states are produced in a new parametric oscillator, built recently within the field of cQED, capable of down-converting a microwave tone into three different tones at once. These three photons share among their magnitudes quantum correlations, in particular genuine entanglement. In this text we refer to it as non-Gaussian because of its manifestation on statistical moments higher than covariances, and we propose a simple and practical criterion for the design of witnesses capable of detecting it: they must be built from higher statistical moments that change through time. Additionally, we speculate on the theoretical implications of the criterion and find suggestive connections to other entanglement classes, such as the paradigmatic nonequivalent GHZ and W three qubit states. In the third paper, we explore one of the possible applications of quantum technologies: analog simulation of quantum systems. The literature prior to this thesis showcases multiple examples of superconducting circuits capable of mimicking systems in which one must consider both quantum and relativistic phenomena, such as the dynamical Casimir and Unruh effects. This work explores the information that can be obtained through analog simulation, proposing a circuit capable of featuring the internal dynamics of a mirror experiencing a relativistic trajectory, that is, a mirror producing the dynamical Casimir effect.