Higher-order rogue wave fission under the effects of third-order dispersion, self-steepening and self-frequency shift

TL;DR

This paper studies how third-order dispersion, self-steepening, and self-frequency shift affect higher-order rogue waves, revealing their fission into solitons and spectral broadening in optical fibers.

Contribution

It demonstrates the combined effects of these phenomena on rogue wave disintegration and supercontinuum generation, a novel insight into optical fiber dynamics.

Findings

Higher-order rogue waves break into fundamental solitons under individual effects.

Combined effects lead to asymmetrical spectral profiles with red and blue shifts.

Mechanisms for soliton generation in supercontinuum formation are elucidated.

Abstract

Using the generalised nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation, we investigate how the effect of third-order dispersion, self-steepening, and Raman-induced-self-frequency shift have an impact on the higher-order rogue waves. We observe that individually each effect breaks apart the higher-order rogue waves reducing to their constituent fundamental parts similar to how a higher-order soliton undergoes fission. We demonstrate that under the influence of their combined effect, the disintegrated elements of higher-order rogue waves become fundamental solitons creating asymmetrical spectral profiles that generate both red and blue-shifted frequency components. These observations reveal the mechanisms that create a large number of solitons in the process of modulation instability-induced supercontinuum generation from a continuous-wave background in optical fibers.