All possible first signals of gauge leptoquark in quark-lepton unification and beyond

TL;DR

This paper analyzes potential low-energy signals of gauge leptoquarks in quark-lepton unification models, identifying key observables and experimental sensitivities to detect new physics, while considering generation mixing and additional leptons.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive catalogue of observables for gauge leptoquark detection, improves previous analyses with recent data, and explores models with extra leptons to address B-meson decay anomalies.

Findings

Identified observables bordering current exclusion limits.

Determined experimental sensitivities needed for future detection.

Explored minimal lepton extensions to explain B-meson decay discrepancies.

Abstract

We study possible current and future low-energy signals of the gauge leptoquark in quark-lepton SU(4) unification \`a la Pati-Salam. Taking fully into account the freedom in the generation mixing between quarks and leptons, we compile a catalogue of observables which currently form a border of the excluded part of the parameter space - hot candidates for first signals of new physics. We also determine the sensitivity needed in order to inspect a currently allowed part of the parameter space for several other measurements which are not included in this catalogue. We improve older similar works on this topic by taking into account more (and more recent) experimental measurements and by scanning the parameter space more densely. Furthermore, we study in a similar manner the SU(4) models with a small number of generations of extra leptons. We also discuss the minimal number of leptons needed in order to alleviate the contemporary discrepancies in the neutral-current B-meson decays.