Searching for an Enhanced Signal of the onset of Color Transparency in Baryons with D(e,e'p)n scattering

TL;DR

This paper proposes a new electron-scattering experiment using D(e,e'p)n to detect the onset of color transparency in baryons, leveraging the well-understood final state interactions for enhanced sensitivity.

Contribution

It introduces a novel experimental approach with optimized kinematics to improve detection sensitivity of color transparency effects in baryons.

Findings

Potential for increased sensitivity to CT effects.

Utilizes well-understood FSI in deuteron scattering.

Proposes specific kinematic conditions for experiment.

Abstract

Observation of the onset of color transparency in baryons would provide a new means of studying the nuclear strong force and would be the first clear evidence of baryons transforming into a color-neutral point-like size in the nucleus as predicted by quantum chromodynamics. Recent C$(e,e'p)$ results from electron-scattering did not observe the onset of color transparency (CT) in protons up to spacelike four-momentum transfers squared, $Q^2=14.2$ GeV$^2$. The traditional methods of searching for CT in $(e,e'p)$ scattering use heavy targets favoring kinematics with already initially reduced final state interactions (FSIs) such that any CT effect that further reduces FSIs will be small. The reasoning behind this choice is the difficulty in accounting for all FSIs. D$(e,e'p)n$, on the other hand, has well-understood FSI contributions from double scattering with a known dependence on the kinematics and can show an increased sensitivity to hadrons in point-like configurations. Double scattering is the square of the re-scattering amplitude in which the knocked-out nucleon interacts with the spectator nucleon, a process that is suppressed in the presence of point-like configurations and is particularly well-studied for the deuteron. This suppression yields a quadratic sensitivity to CT effects and is strongly dependent on the choice of kinematics. Here, we describe a possible JLab electron-scattering experiment that utilizes these kinematics and explores the potential signal for the onset of CT with enhanced sensitivity as compared to recent experiments.