Controlled Evolution of Three-Dimensional Magnetic States in Strongly Coupled Cylindrical Nanowire Pairs

TL;DR

This study uses simulations to explore how varying the overlap and separation of cylindrical magnetic nanowires influences their magnetic states, revealing complex 3D spin textures like Landau patterns and helical domain walls.

Contribution

It demonstrates the controlled evolution of three-dimensional magnetic states in strongly coupled nanowire pairs, highlighting the role of geometric and interaction tuning in creating complex spin textures.

Findings

Six fundamental magnetic states identified as a function of separation and height.

Emergence of complex 3D Landau and helical states at intermediate overlaps.

Parallel growth favors anti-parallel metastable magnetic configurations.

Abstract

Cylindrical magnetic nanowires are promising systems for the development of three-dimensional spintronic devices. Here, we simulate the evolution of magnetic states during fabrication of strongly-coupled cylindrical nanowires with varying degrees of overlap. By varying the separation between wires, the relative strength of exchange and magnetostatic coupling can be tuned. Hence leading to the formation of six fundamental states as a function of both inter-wire separation and wire height. In particular, two complex three-dimensional magnetic states, a 3D Landau Pattern and a Helical Domain wall, are observed to emerge for intermediate overlap. The competition of magnetic interactions and the parallel growth scheme we follow (growing both wires at the same time) favours the formation of these anti-parallel metastable states. This works shows how the engineering of strongly coupled 3D nanostructures with competing interactions can be used to create complex spin textures.