The Equation of State with the EPOS3 model

TL;DR

This paper explores the implementation of various equations of state within the EPOS3 model to study their effects on experimental observables in quantum chromodynamics, focusing on the critical point and phase transitions.

Contribution

It introduces the integration of the BEST Collaboration's EoS family into EPOS3 and investigates their impact on observable signals of phase transitions and critical phenomena.

Findings

Critical point location and criticality strength vary with different EoS.

Particle yields and flow observables are sensitive to EoS changes.

Net-proton distribution moments provide insights into phase transition signals.

Abstract

Transitions between different states of matter and their thermodynamic properties are described by the Equation of State (EoS). A universal representation of the EoS of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) for the wide range of phase diagram has yet to be determined. The expectation of the systems to undergo various types of transitions depending on the temperature (T), the chemical potential ({\mu}B), and other thermodynamic features make solving that puzzle challenging. Furthermore, it needs to be apparent which experimentally measurable observables could provide helpful information for determining EoS. The application of different EoS for hydrodynamical evolution was introduced in the EPOS3 generator, which allows one to study its changing effect on the experimental observables. The family of EoS proposed by the BEST Collaboration was implemented. The Critical Point (CP) location and the strength of criticality variations were investigated with particle yield, transverse momentum spectra, flow, and moments of the net-proton distributions.