Replica approach to the generalized Rosenzweig-Porter model

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the spectral properties of the generalized Rosenzweig-Porter model using replica methods, deriving analytical expressions for spectral density and level statistics, and reveals universal scaling behavior in the level compressibility.

Contribution

It provides the first analytical derivation of the spectral density and universal scaling function for level compressibility in the generalized Rosenzweig-Porter model.

Findings

Derived explicit formulas for spectral density at large but finite N.

Identified a universal scaling function for level compressibility.

Confirmed theoretical results with numerical simulations.

Abstract

The generalized Rosenzweig-Porter model with real (GOE) off-diagonal entries arguably constitutes the simplest random matrix ensemble displaying a phase with fractal eigenstates, which we characterize here by using replica methods. We first derive analytical expressions for the average spectral density in the limit in which the size $N$ of the matrix is large but finite. We then focus on the number of eigenvalues in a finite interval and compute its cumulant generating function as well as the level compressibility, i.e., the ratio of the first two cumulants: these are useful tools to describe the local level statistics. In particular, the level compressibility is shown to be described by a universal scaling function, which we compute explicitly, when the system is probed over scales of the order of the Thouless energy. Interestingly, the same scaling function is found to describe the level compressibility of the complex (GUE) Rosenzweig-Porter model in this regime. We confirm our results with numerical tests.