Energy expansions for dilute Bose gases from local condensation results: a review of known results

TL;DR

This review discusses mathematical advances in understanding the ground state energy of dilute Bose gases at zero temperature, emphasizing the connection between Bose-Einstein condensation and energy asymptotics in finite systems.

Contribution

It summarizes known results on energy expansions for dilute Bose gases and their relation to local condensation, highlighting progress in mathematical physics.

Findings

Established asymptotic energy expansions for dilute Bose gases.

Clarified the relation between Bose-Einstein condensation and energy asymptotics.

Reviewed mathematical techniques used in analyzing dilute Bose gases.

Abstract

Non-relativistic interacting bosons at zero temperature, in two and three dimensions, are expected to exhibit a fascinating critical phase, famously known as condensate phase. Even though a proof of Bose-Einstein condensation in the thermodynamic limit is still beyond reach of the current available methods, in the past decades the mathematical physics community has gained an enhanced comprehension of other aspects of the macroscopic behavior of dilute Bose gases at zero temperature. In these notes we review part of these advances, by focusing on the strict relation among the occurrence of Bose-Einstein condensation on large -- but finite -- boxes, and the asymptotic expansion to the ground state energy of dilute Bose gases.