Open quantum system dynamics of $X$-states: Entanglement sudden death and sudden birth

TL;DR

This paper analytically explores the entanglement dynamics of specific two-qubit $X$-states interacting with a common environment, revealing phenomena like entanglement sudden death and birth, and assessing the robustness of different coherence states.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analytical study of entanglement evolution in $X$-states, highlighting differences in ESD and ESB for photon coherence types and the impact of environmental noise.

Findings

Single photon coherence states are more robust against entanglement sudden death.

Entanglement dynamics vary significantly between two-photon and single-photon coherence states.

Different environmental noises affect entanglement decay and revival distinctly.

Abstract

The origin of disentanglement for two specific sub-classes of $X$-states namely maximally nonlocal mixed states (MNMSs) and maximally entangled mixed states (MEMSs) is investigated analytically for a physical system consisting of two spatially separated qubits interacting with a common vacuum bath. The phenomena of entanglement sudden death (ESD) and the entanglement sudden birth (ESB) are observed, but the characteristics of ESD and ESB are found to be different for the case of two photon coherence and single photon coherence states. The role played by initial coherence for the underlying entanglement dynamics is investigated. Further, the entanglement dynamics of MNMSs and MEMSs under different environmental noises namely phase damping, amplitude damping and RTN noise with respect to the decay and revival of entanglement is analyzed. It's observed that the single photon coherence states are more robust against the sudden death of entanglement indicating the usability of such states in the development of technologies for the practical implementation of quantum information processing tasks.