Isometric embedding of a weighted Fermat-Frechet multitree for isoperimetric deformations of the boundary of a simplex to a Frechet multisimplex in the $K$-Space

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new approach to embedding weighted Fermat-Frechet multitrees into various curvature spaces, generalizing classical problems and developing a novel variational method for solving related geometric systems.

Contribution

It generalizes the Fermat problem to N-simplexes in curved spaces, constructs isometric immersions of multitrees, and develops a new variational technique for solving geodesic length systems.

Findings

Established conditions for solutions using Dekster-Wilker criteria.

Constructed isometric immersions in spherical and hyperbolic spaces.

Developed a variational method to simplify geodesic systems in 3K-space.

Abstract

In this paper, we study the weighted Fermat-Frechet problem for a $\frac{N (N+1)}{2}-$tuple of positive real numbers determining $N$-simplexes in the $N$ dimensional $K$-Space ($N$-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^{N}$ if $K=0,$ the $N$-dimensional open hemisphere of radius $\frac{1}{\sqrt{K}}$ ($\mathbb{S}_{\frac{1}{\sqrt{K}}}^{N}$) if $K >0$ and the Lobachevsky space $\mathbb{H}_{K}^{N}$ of constant curvature $K$ if $K<0$). The (weighted) Fermat-Frechet problem is a new generalization of the (weighted) Fermat problem for $N$-simplexes. We control the number of solutions (weighted Fermat trees) with respect to the weighted Fermat-Frechet problem that we call a weighted Fermat-Frechet multitree, by using some conditions for the edge lengths discovered by Dekster-Wilker. In order to construct an isometric immersion of a weighted Fermat-Frechet multitree in the $K$- Space, we use the isometric immersion of Godel-Schoenberg for $N$-simplexes in the $N$-sphere and the isometric immersion of Gromov (up to an additive constant) for weighted Fermat (Steiner) trees in the $N$-hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}_{K}^{N}$. Finally, we create a new variational method, which differs from Schafli's, Luo's and Milnor's techniques to differentiate the length of a geodesic arc with respect to a variable geodesic arc, in the 3$K$-Space. By applying this method, we eliminate one variable geodesic arc from a system of equations, which give the weighted Fermat-Frechet solution for a sextuple of edge lengths determining (Frechet) tetrahedra.