Spin incoherent liquid and interaction-driven criticality in 1D Hubbard model

TL;DR

This paper rigorously analyzes the 1D Hubbard model using Bethe ansatz, revealing the properties of spin incoherent liquids, phase transitions, and proposing a quantum cooling scheme based on interaction-driven criticality.

Contribution

It provides a detailed thermodynamic Bethe ansatz analysis of the 1D Hubbard model, identifying spin incoherent phases and linking criticality to thermodynamic susceptibilities.

Findings

Identification of spin incoherent Luttinger liquid regime

Connection between contact susceptibilities and phase transition parameters

Proposal of a quantum cooling scheme based on interaction-driven criticality

Abstract

Although the one dimensional (1D) repulsive Fermi-Hubbard model has been intensively studied over many decades, a rigorous understanding of many aspects of the model is still lacking. In this work, based on the solutions to the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations, we provide a rigorous study on the following: (1) We calculate the fractional excitations of the system in various phases, from which we identify the parameter regime featuring the spin incoherent Luttinger liquid (SILL). We investigate the universal properties and the asymprotic of correlation functions of the SILL. (2) We study the interaction-driven phase transition and the associated criticality, and build up an essential connection between the Contact susceptibilities and the variations of density, magnetization and entropy with respect to the interaction strength. As an application of these concepts, which hold true for higher dimensional systems, we propose a quantum cooling scheme based on the interaction-driven refrigeration cycle.