Inter-Correlation Between Sunspot Oscillations and Their Internal Structures

TL;DR

This study explores how sunspot oscillations relate to their internal magnetic and thermal structures, revealing that three-minute oscillations are influenced by magnetic divergence and stratification, while five-minute oscillations are linked to umbral dynamics.

Contribution

It provides a comparative analysis of sunspot oscillations and their internal structures using UV/EUV data, highlighting the effects of magnetic field and stratification on oscillation properties.

Findings

Three-minute oscillation distribution is affected by magnetic divergence and stratification.

Five-minute oscillations are more prominent in small sunspots.

Magnetic structures influence the modulation of sunspot oscillations.

Abstract

Three- and five-minute oscillations are commonly found in any sunspot. As they are modulated by the internal thermal and magnetic structures of a sunspot, therehence, they could be used as an effective tool for sunspot seismology. In this paper, we investigate the properties of oscillations in sunspot groups with varying size and magnetic field, and aim to establish the relationships between sunspot oscillations and its internal structure comparatively. We selected three groups of unipolar sunspot with approximately axial-symmetric magnetic field and calculated their Fourier spectra based on the Ultraviolet(UV)/Extreme ultraviolet(EUV) emission intensity variations recorded by the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (SDO/AIA). We found that the distribution of three minute oscillation is defined by the joint effect of diverging magnetic field and the stratification of sunspot atmosphere. Its distribution could be modified by any invading magnetic structures in the umbra. Whereas the five minute oscillations are more prominent in small spots, it implies that five minute oscillation is very closely connected with umbral dynamics.