Model Predictive Control for Dynamic Cloth Manipulation: Parameter Learning and Experimental Validation

TL;DR

This paper presents a model predictive control approach for dynamic cloth manipulation, using reinforcement learning to optimize parameters, validated through real robot experiments with accurate tracking of cloth points.

Contribution

It introduces a linear cloth model combined with MPC and reinforcement learning for real-time control and parameter tuning in cloth manipulation tasks.

Findings

Achieved accurate cloth point tracking with errors around 5 cm.

Reinforcement learning effectively tuned model parameters and MPC performance.

Real robot experiments confirmed the method's robustness in adverse conditions.

Abstract

Robotic cloth manipulation is a relevant challenging problem for autonomous robotic systems. Highly deformable objects as textile items can adopt multiple configurations and shapes during their manipulation. Hence, robots should not only understand the current cloth configuration but also be able to predict the future possible behaviors of the cloth. This paper addresses the problem of indirectly controlling the configuration of certain points of a textile object, by applying actions on other parts of the object through the use of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy, which also allows to foresee the behavior of indirectly controlled points. The designed controller finds the optimal control signals to attain the desired future target configuration. The explored scenario in this paper considers tracking a reference trajectory with the lower corners of a square piece of cloth by grasping its upper corners. To do so, we propose and validate a linear cloth model that allows solving the MPC-related optimization problem in real time. Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques are used to learn the optimal parameters of the proposed cloth model and also to tune the resulting MPC. After obtaining accurate tracking results in simulation, the full control scheme was implemented and executed in a real robot, obtaining accurate tracking even in adverse conditions. While total observed errors reach the 5 cm mark, for a 30x30 cm cloth, an analysis shows the MPC contributes less than 30% to that value.