User Scheduling and Trajectory Optimization for Energy-Efficient IRS-UAV Networks with SWIPT

TL;DR

This paper presents a joint optimization framework for user scheduling, UAV trajectory, and IRS phase shifts in IRS-UAV networks with SWIPT to enhance energy efficiency and network longevity.

Contribution

It introduces a novel joint optimization approach for IRS-UAV networks with SWIPT, including a closed-form solution for IRS phase shifts and an alternating optimization algorithm.

Findings

Significant reduction in maximum user energy consumption with IRS support.

IRS-UAV with energy harvesting outperforms non-IRS setups.

The proposed method achieves over 7% improvement in energy efficiency.

Abstract

This paper investigates user scheduling and trajectory optimization for a network supported by an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The IRS is powered via the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technique. The IRS boosts users' uplink signals to improve the network's longevity and energy efficiency. It simultaneously harvests energy with a non-linear energy harvesting circuit and reflects the incident signals by controlling its reflection coefficients and phase shifts. The trajectory of the UAV impacts the efficiency of these operations. We minimize the maximum energy consumption of all users by joint optimization of user scheduling, UAV trajectory/velocity, and IRS phase shifts/reflection coefficients while guaranteeing each user's minimum required data rate and harvested energy of the IRS. We first derive a closed-form solution for the IRS phase shifts and then address the non-convexity of the critical problem. Finally, we propose an alternating optimization (AO) algorithm to optimize the remaining variables iteratively. We demonstrate the gains over several benchmarks. For instance, with a 50-element IRS, min-max energy consumption can be as low as 0.0404 (Joule), a 7.13% improvement over the No IRS case (achieving 0.0435 (Joule)). We also show that IRS-UAV without EH performs best at the cost of circuit power consumption of the IRS (a 20% improvement over the No IRS case).