Shannon information entropy for a quantum nonlinear oscillator on a space of non-constant curvature

TL;DR

This paper studies the Shannon information entropy of a quantum nonlinear oscillator on a curved space, revealing how curvature affects entropy distribution and wave function spreading, with analytical and numerical results across dimensions.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analysis of Shannon entropy for the Darboux III quantum oscillator, linking entropy behavior to space curvature and extending known harmonic oscillator results.

Findings

Position space entropy increases with curvature magnitude.

Momentum space entropy decreases as curvature increases.

Total entropy decreases with curvature for excited states.

Abstract

The so-called Darboux III oscillator is an exactly solvable $N$-dimensional nonlinear oscillator defined on a radially symmetric space with non-constant negative curvature. This oscillator can be interpreted as a smooth (super)integrable deformation of the usual $N$-dimensional harmonic oscillator in terms of a non-negative parameter $\lambda$ which is directly related to the curvature of the underlying space. In this paper, a detailed study of the Shannon information entropy for the quantum version of the Darboux III oscillator is presented, and the interplay between entropy and curvature is analysed. In particular, analytical results for the Shannon entropy in the position space can be found in the $N$-dimensional case, and the known results for the quantum states of the $N$-dimensional harmonic oscillator are recovered in the limit of vanishing curvature $\lambda \to 0$. However, the Fourier transform of the Darboux III wave functions cannot be computed in exact form, thus preventing the analytical study of the information entropy in momentum space. Nevertheless, we have computed the latter numerically both in the one and three-dimensional cases and we have found that by increasing the absolute value of the negative curvature (through a larger $\lambda$ parameter) the information entropy in position space increases, while in momentum space it becomes smaller. This result is indeed consistent with the spreading properties of the wave functions of this quantum nonlinear oscillator, which are explicitly shown. The sum of the entropies in position and momentum spaces has been also analysed in terms of the curvature: for all excited states such total entropy decreases with $\lambda$, but for the ground state the total entropy is minimised when $\lambda$ vanishes, and the corresponding uncertainty relation is always fulfilled.