The Universal Time-Dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory

TL;DR

This paper develops a universal, stochastic, time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau framework for superconductors near the phase transition, incorporating thermal effects and non-dissipative heat flow, based on effective field theory.

Contribution

It introduces a general EFT-based stochastic TDGL model applicable in the gapless regime, including thermal and symmetry-breaking effects, extending traditional superconducting hydrodynamics.

Findings

Derived a universal stochastic TDGL equation near the transition

Incorporated non-uniform temperature and heat conductivity effects

Proposed a hydrodynamics with dissipationless heat flow

Abstract

We study the hydrodynamics of superconductors within the framework of Schwinger-Keldysh Effective Field Theory. We show that in the vicinity of the superconducting phase transition the most general leading-order EFT satisfying the local Kubo-Martin-Schwinger condition is described by a version of the Time-Dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equations augmented with stochastic terms. This version of TDGL is applicable in the gapless regime independently of any microscopic details. Within this approach, it is possible to include systematically the effects of non-uniform temperature and heat conductivity, as well as explicit or spontaneous breaking of time reversal. We also introduce a thermal version of the Josephson relation and use it to construct an exotic hydrodynamics describing a phase of matter where heat can flow without dissipation.