Dissipative Quantum Vortices and Superradiant Scattering

TL;DR

This paper explores superradiant scattering in dissipative Bose-Einstein condensates, demonstrating the existence of superradiant modes around quantum vortices and suggesting potential for experimental observation.

Contribution

It introduces dissipation into the analysis of superradiance in BECs and shows the possibility of superradiant modes in this dissipative context.

Findings

Superradiant modes exist in dissipative BECs.

Quantum vortices can be sustained with dissipation.

Dissipation enables interpretation of antiparticle decay.

Abstract

Inspired by Analogue Gravity, superradiance has been previously investigated in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). In this work, we revisit this problem by introducing dissipation to the system. After establishing the possibility of quantum vortices in dissipative BECs, we analyze the propagation of elementary excitations and demonstrate the existence of superradiant modes which can be interpreted in terms of the dissipation of ``antiparticles". Our findings support the possibility of superradiant scattering around dissipative quantum vortices and paves the way for future experimental realization of the phenomenon.