Splitting the Echoes of Black Holes in Einstein-nonlinear Electrodynamic Theories

TL;DR

This paper investigates how non-linear electrodynamic black holes can produce multi-peak effective potentials leading to split echoes in gravitational wave signals, offering a new way to probe black hole structures.

Contribution

It demonstrates that non-linear electrodynamic black holes can have multi-peak effective potentials, causing split echoes in gravitational wave signals, which is a novel insight into black hole perturbations.

Findings

Multi-peak effective potentials can produce split echoes.

The structure of the potential affects the echo profile.

Potential to determine black hole geometry via gravitational wave detection.

Abstract

Black hole echo is an important observable that can help us better understand gravitational theories. We present that the non-linear electrodynamic black holes can admit the multi-peak effective potential for the scalar perturbations, which can give rise to the echoes. After choosing suitable parameters, the effective potential can exhibit a structure with more than two peaks. Putting the initial wave packet released outside the peaks, we find that the time-domain profile of the echo will split when the peaks of the effective potential change from two to three. This is a phenomenon of black hole echo and it might be possible to determine the geometric structure of the black hole according to this phenomenon through gravitational wave detection.