TSO-DSO Coordination for the Procurement of Balancing and Congestion Management Services: Assessment of a meshed-to-meshed topology

TL;DR

This paper develops a detailed model for TSO-DSO coordination in meshed-to-meshed power system topologies, assessing flexibility procurement strategies for balancing and congestion management through a case study of the Swedish grid.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive coordination model for TSO-DSO interactions in meshed topologies and evaluates different schemes using a realistic Swedish power system case study.

Findings

Common CS minimizes overall flexibility procurement costs

Local Flexibility Market reduces penalties for DSOs

Model effectively captures TSO-DSO coordination dynamics

Abstract

This paper proposes a comprehensive model for different Coordination Schemes (CSs) for Transmission (TSO) and Distribution System Operators (DSO) in the context of distributed flexibility procurement for balancing and congestion management. The model proposed focuses on the coordination between the EHV (TSO) and the HV (DSO) levels, exploring the meshed-to-meshed topology, including multiple TSO-DSO interface substations. The model is then applied to a realistic case study in which the Swedish power system is modeled for one year, considering a representation of the transmission grid together with the subtransmission grid of Uppsala city. The base case scenario is then subject to different scalability and replication scenarios. The paper corroborates the finding that the Common CS leads to the least overall cost of flexibility procurement. Moreover, it shows the effectiveness of the Local Flexibility Market (LFM) for the DSO in the Swedish context in reducing potential penalties in a Multi-level CS.