Lepto-hadronic jet-disc model for the multi-wavelength SED of M87

TL;DR

This paper presents a hybrid lepto-hadronic jet-disc model to explain the multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution of the low-luminosity AGN M87, accounting for radio to gamma-ray emissions and neutrino flux predictions.

Contribution

It introduces a combined jet-disc model that successfully fits M87's spectrum across multiple wavelengths, extending beyond previous one-zone leptonic models.

Findings

Jet component fits radio to gamma-ray data

Accretion flow explains X-ray emission

Neutrino flux remains below detection thresholds

Abstract

The low-luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei M87, archetype of Fanaroff-Riley I radio-galaxies, was observed in a historically quiet state in 2017. While one-zone leptonic jet models alone cannot explain the core radio-to-gamma-ray spectrum, we explore a hybrid jet-disc scenario. In this work, we model the overall spectral energy distribution of M87's core with a dominating one-zone lepto-hadronic jet component, coupled with the contribution from the accretion flow. We find close-to-equipartition parameter sets for which the jet component fits the radio-to-optical data as well as the gamma-ray band, while the accretion flow mainly contributes to the X-ray band. The effects of gamma-ray absorption by the Extragalactic Background Light during the propagation towards Earth are probed and are found to be negligible for this model. The neutrino flux produced by such scenarios is also calculated, but remains below the current instruments' sensitivity.