Pinpointing Feshbach Resonances and Testing Efimov Universalities in $^{39}$K

TL;DR

This study precisely maps Feshbach resonances in $^{39}$K, characterizes Efimov physics signatures, and tests the universality of Efimov features and loss dynamics through combined experimental and theoretical approaches.

Contribution

It identifies new Feshbach resonances, provides detailed characterization, and tests Efimov universality in $^{39}$K with combined experimental and coupled-channel calculations.

Findings

Eight intrastate Feshbach resonances pinpointed

Efimov features confirm breakdown of universality in absolute positions

Loss dynamics at broad resonances are universal within uncertainties

Abstract

Using a combination of bound-state spectroscopy and loss spectroscopy, we pinpoint eight intrastate Feshbach resonances in $^{39}$K, as well as six previously unexplored interstate ones. We also perform a detailed characterization of four of the intrastate resonances and two of the interstate ones. We carry out coupled-channel scattering calculations and find good agreement with experiment. The combination of experiment and theory provides a faithful map of the scattering length $a$ and permits precision measurements of the signatures of Efimov physics across four intermediate-strength resonances. We measure the modulation of the $a^4$ scaling of the three-body loss coefficient for both $a<0$ and $a>0$, as well as the many-body loss dynamics at unitarity (where $a$ diverges). The absolute positions of the observed Efimov features confirm a ubiquitous breakdown of Efimov--van-der-Waals universality in $^{39}$K, while their relative positions are in agreement with the universal Efimov ratios. The loss dynamics at the three broadest Feshbach resonances are universal within experimental uncertainties, consistent with observing little variation in the Efimov width parameters.