Lunar Samples are Time Capsules of the Sun

TL;DR

Lunar samples serve as valuable time capsules of the Sun, and coordinated efforts in lunar exploration and sample analysis can unlock new solar insights by combining heliophysics and lunar science expertise.

Contribution

The paper advocates for integrating lunar sample collection with solar research and fostering cross-disciplinary collaboration to enhance understanding of the Sun's history.

Findings

Lunar samples can reveal historical solar activity.

Coordination between lunar and solar sciences is crucial.

Sample handling protocols impact the diagnostic value of solar signatures.

Abstract

The Heliophysics Decadal survey should embrace the coming opportunity of sustained lunar surface exploration and facilitate cross-disciplinary efforts to unlock the secrets of the Sun that are held by the lunar surface. With planned Artemis efforts that include prioritization of samples of high interest and protocols for sample handling and analysis, input into the relevant solar signatures that would be most diagnostic and how best to obtain/retain them is incredibly important. Finally, leveraging the theoretical expertise of the two communities in ways that bring them together, such as through dedicated conferences and workshops, will let the two communities help each other learn more than they could alone.