Observational Hubble parameter data constraints on the interactive model of $f(T)$ gravity with particle creation

TL;DR

This paper explores how particle creation within an $f(T)$ gravity framework influences cosmological evolution, using observational Hubble data to constrain the model and analyze the universe's accelerated expansion and stability.

Contribution

It establishes a novel equivalence between particle creation effects and $f(T)$ gravity's modified continuity equation, linking particle number dynamics with cosmological parameters.

Findings

Reconstructed particle number as a function of redshift.

Constrained $f(T)$ gravity model using observational Hubble data.

Analyzed stability of the model across different cosmic eras.

Abstract

In this paper, we consider an open system from the thermodynamic perspective for an adiabatic FRW universe model in which particle creation occurs within the system. In that case, the modified continuity equation is obtained and then we correspond it to the continuity equation of $f(T)$ gravity. So, we take $f(T)$ gravity with the viscous fluid in flat-FRW metric, in which $T$ is the torsion scalar. We consider the contents of the universe to be dark matter and dark energy and consider an interaction term between them. The interesting point of this study is that we make equivalent the modified continuity equation resulting from the particle creation with the matter continuity equation resulting from $f(T)$ gravity. The result of this evaluation creates a relationship between the number of particles and the scale factor. In what follows, we write the corresponding cosmological parameters in terms of the number of particles and also reconstruct the number of particles in terms of the redshift parameter, then We parameterize the Hubble parameter derived from power-law cosmology with 51 data from the Hubble observational parameter. Next, we plot the corresponding cosmological parameters for the dark energy in terms of the redshift to investigate the accelerated expansion of the universe. In addition, by using the sound speed parameter, we discuss the stability analysis and instability analysis of the present model in different eras of the universe. Finally, we plot the density parameter values for dark energy and dark matter in terms of the redshift parameter.