Relativistic quantum thermometry through a moving sensor

TL;DR

This paper explores how a moving quantum sensor can accurately measure temperature in a thermal bath, highlighting the effects of velocity, initial state, and measurement strategies for optimal thermometry.

Contribution

It introduces a method for relativistic quantum thermometry using a moving two-level probe, analyzing various couplings and demonstrating advantages of joint parameter estimation.

Findings

Thermometry is unaffected by the Lamb shift.

Probe velocity and initial state influence temperature estimation accuracy.

Joint estimation outperforms individual parameter estimation.

Abstract

Using a two-level moving probe, we address the temperature estimation of a static thermal bath modeled by a massless scalar field prepared in a thermal state. Different couplings of the probe to the field are discussed under various scenarios. We find that the thermometry is completely unaffected by the Lamb shift of the energy levels. We take into account the roles of probe velocity, its initial preparation, and environmental control parameters for achieving optimal temperature estimation. We show that a practical technique can be utilized to implement such a quantum thermometry. Finally, exploiting the thermal sensor moving at high velocity to probe temperature within a multiparameter-estimation strategy, we demonstrate perfect supremacy of the joint estimation over the individual one.