Engineering monstar polarization disclination through geometric phase

TL;DR

This paper introduces a method to generate monstar polarization singularities using the Pancharatnam-Berry phase by superimposing specific dark hollow beams, with theoretical and experimental validation showing high accuracy.

Contribution

The paper demonstrates a novel technique to engineer monstar polarization disclinations through geometric phase manipulation of superimposed beams.

Findings

Successful generation of monstar patterns via superposition of FFDH beams.

High agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental measurements.

Diverse polarization patterns including radial, azimuthal, lemon, star, and monstar disclinations.

Abstract

We present a method to generate monstar singularities via Pancharatnam-Berry phase by the coherent collinear superposition of two Free-Form Dark Hollow beams, $FFDH^{m}_{q}$, of topological charge $q$, and order of symmetry $m$. FFDH beams are generated with the geometrical parameters of a closed curve exploited to obtain a nonuniform rotation rate of the local polarization azimuth and generate monstar patterns. We report space-variant polarization patterns: radial- and azimuthal-like, lemon- and star-like for symmetric disclinations, and the asymmetric monstar disclination. We present theory and measurements, and find excellent agreement between the two.