Dissipative Dynamics of a Fermionic Superfluid with Two-Body Losses

TL;DR

This paper investigates how two-body losses affect the dynamics of a fermionic superfluid, revealing that dissipation causes a rapid decay of superfluid order and modifies oscillation frequencies, with implications for understanding dissipative quantum systems.

Contribution

It introduces a variational approach to Lindblad dynamics for fermionic superfluids, highlighting the impact of density-dependent losses on superfluid behavior and oscillation dynamics.

Findings

Superfluid order parameter decays faster than particle density after loss switching.

Dissipation introduces damping and frequency renormalization of oscillations.

Long-term decay follows a power-law due to system depletion.

Abstract

We study the dissipative dynamics of a fermionic superfluid in presence of two-body losses. We use a variational approach for the Lindblad dynamics and obtain dynamical equations for Anderson's pseudo-spins where dissipation enters as a complex pairing interaction as well as effective, density-dependent, single particle losses which break the conservation of the pseudo-spin norm. We show that this latter has key consequences on the dynamical behavior of the system. In the case of a sudden switching of two-body losses we show that the superfluid order parameter decays much faster than then particle density at short times and eventually slows-down, setting into a power-law decay at longer time scales driven by the depletion of the system. We then consider a quench of pairing interaction, leading to coherent oscillations in the unitary case, followed by the switching of the dissipation. We show that losses wash away the dynamical BCS synchronization by introducing not only damping but also a renormalization of the frequency of coherent oscillations, which depends non-linearly from the rate of the two-body losses.