The Poynting vector field generic singularities in resonant scattering of plane linearly polarized electromagnetic waves by subwavelength particles

TL;DR

This study investigates the generic singularities of the Poynting vector field during resonant light scattering by subwavelength particles, revealing how symmetry, dimension, and dissipation influence singularity types and behaviors.

Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of Poynting vector singularities in resonant scattering, highlighting the effects of symmetry, energy conservation, and dissipation, with specific insights for 2D and 3D cases.

Findings

Standing wave formation leads to saddle singularities in invariant planes.

Dissipation influences (i)-type singularities more strongly than (ii)-type.

Singularity types are restricted by energy conservation in 2D scattering.

Abstract

We present the results of a study of the Poynting vector field generic singularities at the resonant light scattering of a plane monochromatic linearly polarized electromagnetic wave by a subwavelength particle. We reveal the impact of the problem symmetry, the spatial dimension, and the energy conservation law on the properties of the singularities. We show that, in the cases when the problem symmetry results in the existence of an invariant plane for the Poynting vector field lines, a formation of a standing wave in the immediate vicinity of a singularity gives rise to a saddle-type singular point. All other types of singularities are associated with vanishing at the singular points, either (i) magnetic field, for the polarization plane parallel to the invariant plane, or (ii) electric field, at the perpendicular orientation of the polarization plane. We also show that in the case of two-dimensional problems (scattering by a cylinder), the energy conservation law restricts the types of possible singularities only to saddles and centers in the non-dissipative media and to saddles, foci, and nodes in dissipative. Finally, we show that dissipation affects the (i)-type singularities much stronger than the (ii)-type. The same conclusions are valid for the imaginary part of the Poynting vector in problems where the latter is regarded as a complex quantity. The singular points associated with the formation of standing waves are different for real and imaginary parts of this complex vector field, while all other singularities are common. We illustrate the general discussion by analyzing singularities at light scattering by a subwavelength Germanium cylinder with the actual dispersion of its refractive index.