The Who in Code-Switching: A Case Study for Predicting Egyptian Arabic-English Code-Switching Levels based on Character Profiles

TL;DR

This study investigates how sociological and psychological factors influence code-switching levels among Egyptian Arabic-English bilinguals, using machine learning to predict CS based on user profiles and identifying key influencing traits.

Contribution

It introduces an empirical approach combining user interviews and machine learning to predict code-switching behavior from sociological and psychological data.

Findings

Travel experiences influence CS levels

Neuroticism and Extraversion traits affect CS behavior

ML models can predict CS levels from user profiles

Abstract

Code-switching (CS) is a common linguistic phenomenon exhibited by multilingual individuals, where they tend to alternate between languages within one single conversation. CS is a complex phenomenon that not only encompasses linguistic challenges, but also contains a great deal of complexity in terms of its dynamic behaviour across speakers. Given that the factors giving rise to CS vary from one country to the other, as well as from one person to the other, CS is found to be a speaker-dependant behaviour, where the frequency by which the foreign language is embedded differs across speakers. While several researchers have looked into predicting CS behaviour from a linguistic point of view, research is still lacking in the task of predicting user CS behaviour from sociological and psychological perspectives. We provide an empirical user study, where we investigate the correlations between users' CS levels and character traits. We conduct interviews with bilinguals and gather information on their profiles, including their demographics, personality traits, and traveling experiences. We then use machine learning (ML) to predict users' CS levels based on their profiles, where we identify the main influential factors in the modeling process. We experiment with both classification as well as regression tasks. Our results show that the CS behaviour is affected by the relation between speakers, travel experiences as well as Neuroticism and Extraversion personality traits.