On the Uplink Performance of Finite-Capacity Radio Stripes

TL;DR

This paper explores the uplink performance of finite-capacity radio stripes in cell-free massive MIMO systems, proposing a novel AP arrangement and a heuristic cooperation strategy to enhance spectral efficiency and scalability.

Contribution

It introduces a new AP arrangement and a heuristic Compare-and-Forward strategy for finite-capacity radio stripes, improving uplink spectral efficiency in cell-free massive MIMO systems.

Findings

Radio stripes with the proposed arrangement outperform existing architectures.

The CnF strategy enables dynamic cooperation, enhancing user-centric performance.

Performance gains increase with system size.

Abstract

Cell-Free (CF) Massive MIMO (mMIMO) is a technology which can potentially augment not only the deployment of 5G, but also the deployment of beyond 5G (B5G) wireless networks. However, the cost for rolling out such systems may be significant. Radio stripes form a promising solution which offers the potential of scalability at a reduced price. This paper investigates the uplink scenario of a CF mMIMO system, implemented with a limited-capacity radio stripe which integrates a novel arrangement of access points (APs), fully exploiting macro-diversity benefits. We also analyze a heuristic Compare-and-Forward (CnF) strategy, which, by comparing normalized linear minimum mean square error (N-LMMSE) soft estimates, enables optimal dynamic cooperation clustering, thus leading to a user-centric radio stripe network approach. Aiming at maximizing the per-user uplink spectral efficiency (SE), we ensure that, under finite capacity constraints, our solution can guarantee better performance than existing radio stripe architectures, especially when system size increases.