CRPropa 3.2 -- an advanced framework for high-energy particle propagation in extragalactic and galactic spaces

TL;DR

CRPropa 3.2 is an advanced Monte Carlo simulation framework that significantly enhances modeling capabilities for high-energy particle propagation in the Universe, supporting diverse astrophysical research in the multimessenger era.

Contribution

It introduces major updates including efficient diffusion simulation, electromagnetic cascade modeling, and a new propagation algorithm, expanding the tool's application scope.

Findings

Enhanced simulation of diffusion-dominated domains

Fast, self-consistent electromagnetic cascade modeling

Implementation of a new Boris push propagation algorithm

Abstract

The landscape of high- and ultra-high-energy astrophysics has changed in the last decade, largely due to the inflow of data collected by large-scale cosmic-ray, gamma-ray, and neutrino observatories. At the dawn of the multimessenger era, the interpretation of these observations within a consistent framework is important to elucidate the open questions in this field. CRPropa 3.2 is a Monte Carlo code for simulating the propagation of high-energy particles in the Universe. This version represents a major leap forward, significantly expanding the simulation framework and opening up the possibility for many more astrophysical applications. This includes, among others: efficient simulation of high-energy particles in diffusion-dominated domains, self-consistent and fast modelling of electromagnetic cascades with an extended set of channels for photon production, and studies of cosmic-ray diffusion tensors based on updated coherent and turbulent magnetic-field models. Furthermore, several technical updates and improvements are introduced with the new version, such as: enhanced interpolation, targeted emission of sources, and a new propagation algorithm (Boris push). The detailed description of all novel features is accompanied by a discussion and a selected number of example applications.