Experimental demonstration of Quantum Overlapping Tomography

TL;DR

This paper experimentally demonstrates quantum overlapping tomography, a method that efficiently characterizes many-body quantum systems with logarithmic measurement complexity, significantly reducing the resources needed compared to full state tomography.

Contribution

The work develops and applies a Bayesian state estimation method to experimentally validate quantum overlapping tomography, showcasing its efficiency and accuracy in large-scale quantum systems.

Findings

Overlapping tomography provides accurate system information with fewer measurements.

Experimental results match full state tomography but with reduced resource use.

Logarithmic time complexity enables scalable quantum system characterization.

Abstract

Quantum tomography is one of the major challenges of large-scale quantum information research due to the exponential time complexity. In this work, we develop and apply a Bayesian state estimation method to experimentally demonstrate quantum overlapping tomography [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{124}, 100401 (2020)], a scheme intent on characterizing critical information of a many-body quantum system in logarithmic time complexity. By comparing the measurement results of full state tomography and overlapping tomography, we show that overlapping tomography gives accurate information of the system with much fewer state measurements than full state tomography.